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The extraction of a tooth is indicated when:

• the decay is deep and extensive compromising the integrity of the tooth in the long term
• the tooth is broken down to the level of the root
• the remaining tooth structure is not strong enough to support a crown
• teeth are loose due to trauma or chronic gum disease (periodontitis)
• The extraction will be simple or complex. By simple we mean when the dentist just has to pull on the tooth. Extraction becomes complex when it requires a surgical approach. In both situations, the dentist makes sure that there is good control of the bleeding and that the patient understands the advice to follow after surgery.

Extraction of wisdom teeth

Wisdom teeth or third molars are the last teeth to develop. They are located at the back of the mouth behind the second molars. Their training ends in their late teens. When the patient’s mouth is too small to allow wisdom teeth to erupt, they will remain completely or partially impacted, i.e. embedded in the jawbone, which is considered a condition abnormal requiring intervention to extract the tooth or facilitate its eruption.

When the wisdom teeth are partially erupted there may be:

• infections
• inflammation of the surrounding gum tissue
• the formation of cysts or benign tumors

These problems can occur as soon as the impacted tooth appears in the mouth.

Often, orthodontists will recommend the extraction of wisdom teeth to prevent displacement of other teeth during their eruption.

When teeth are extracted during the teenage years or early twenties, healing conditions are more favorable and complications are less.